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CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS |
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| MONDAY, MAY 2, 2005 | |
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LEARNING FROM THE PROS:
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Deanna SNELL Registrar Calgary Zoo 1300 Zoo Road NE Calgary, AB T2E 7V6 Canada Tel: +1 403-232-9327 Fax: +1-403-237-7582 Deanna Snell has been at the Calgary Zoo for 15 years where she began as the horticulture secretary in 1989. Since that time, Deanna has worked in practically every department at the Zoo over her career; in 2002, she became the registrar at the zoo. As registrar, Deanna is the point person for the Calgary Zoo's animal records as well as responsible for both national and international animal shipments. Deanna is currently a professional member of AZA (Association of Zoos and Aquariums), CAZA (Canadian Association of Zoos and Aquariums) and ZRA (Zoo Registrar’s Association) where she sits on the International Committee. [ Back to Top ] |
Transporting Animals
Zoo to Zoo:
Deanna SNELL Registrar, Calgary Zoo
Deanna’s first animal shipment was in 2002 when she was part of the team coordinating the transportation of one zoo keeper and 26 animals ranging in size from Przewalski horses (Asian wild horses) to barn owls to the Daejeon Zoo in Korea. Deanna’s talk discussed this experience and the immense logistics in making this shipment successful with the animals arriving in Korea safe and sound. The shipment seemed to include every issue of an international shipment—CITES (both I and II), CFIA (Agriculture Canada), large crates, and language barriers.
[ PDF of PowerPoint Presentation ] 615 kb |
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Director WildLife Broking Services P O Box 250 Umhlanga Rocks, 4320 Republic of South Africa Tel: + 27 (031) 562-1880 Fax: +27 (031) 562-1886
Trustee of Non Govt Organisations: Endangered Wildlife Trust of Southern Africa and Space for Elephants Foundation. Serves on Advisory Committees for the Elephant Managers and Owners Association and Save the Rhino Trust – Namibia. Diploma in Business Management and Basic Pathology in Wildlife (University of Pretoria). Currently Director of Wildlife Broking Services – wildlife risk management consultants and environmental underwriters. A correspondent/agent for Lloyd’s of London since 1990. AATA International Award Recipient for 2004 in recognition of Outstanding Contributions to the Welfare of Animals in International Commerce
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Out of Africa: Sourcing, Transporting & Insuring of Wildlife
Brian COURTENAY Africa has an amazing diversity of wild animal species. As the leading supplier of animals to all international destinations, South Africa has a very regulated and controlled supply system in place. SA supplies in excess of 90% of all wildlife out of Africa, has ±17% of total land mass as protected areas and within these, an excess of 850 private game ranches which actively breed various species of wildlife, in turn, being one of the biggest suppliers of wildlife for translocation. The “Wildlife Translocation Association“ was setup to formalize and regulate the industry and to enforce protocol for the supply of animals for translocation. Its members source and capture animals on order for local and international translocation and work very closely with the South African Veterinary Association and all animal welfare organizations. WTA members are well equipped for capture and transport of any species of wildlife. The most important issue is the preparing of animals for transportation. As wild animals are not accustomed to human interference and handling, nor being confined in very restricted areas for air transport, many issues need to be considered:
Many wild animals do not travel well, so it is in the interest of the welfare of the animals to ensure all issues are covered in advance to reduce any possible delays which can have catastrophic results. Insurance should be arranged at source as local conditions apply which are not always known when arranging insurance cover in a foreign country. The cover provided is all risks of mortality. The insurance contract also covers the “berserk clause” – animals that become uncontrollable whilst in flight and pose a danger to handlers/staff on board and other animals. One of the highest risks for wildlife translocations is the potential mortality of animals following “stress”. This is by far the highest risk. Stress related deaths may only sometimes materialize up to 10 days after capture. With all the above in mind, remember, these are wild animals and therefore transporting these species can be risky, so pass this risk of financial loss to the professional risk carriers. [ PDF of Presentation ] 17 kb |
Sharon E. CREGIER, Ph.D., F.I.A.S.H. (Hon. Edin.) North American Editor Equine Behaviour Journal “Cheiron’s Court” P.O. Box 1100 Montague, Prince Edward Island, C0A 1R0 Canada Tel: +1 902-838-4017 Fax: +1 902-838-2882 Dr. Cregier’s work offered fresh approaches to horse road transport problems. She has published two books and over 2000 articles in refereed journals and the popular press. She served with the Canadian Wild Horse Society on slaughter transport issues and on the AATA’s Educational Development Committee. She is listed in the Consultants and Consulting Organizations Directory, Who’s Who in American Education, and Who’s Who in Animal Transport. She is a member of the Animal (Air) Transportation Association, the Animal Behaviour Society, the International Society for Applied Ethology, and the World Farriers Association. She received the AATA Animal Welfare Award in 2003. She currently campaigns against the cosmetic amputation of horses’ tails, is compiling a biography of horseman J.S. Rarey, and the history of horse transport by air.
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A Breed Apart: Special
Considerations for Performan Innovative use of technology, improvements in vehicle suspension and driver education, understanding horse behavior, nutrition, and physiology: All these contribute to improved horse transport, safety, and health. Hundreds of thousands of horses annually are transported domestically and internationally. They travel for performance, veterinary assessment, and pleasure, as teaching animals and for slaughter. Whether the horses are in transit for a half hour or a week, handlers and veterinary personnel report problems during and following transport. These problems include loading and unloading resistance, falling, loss of performance or breeding readiness, bladder problems in male horses, aggression, respiratory distress, colic, suppression of immune response, weight loss, dehydration, inflamed hooves, depression, muscle disease, and attempts to escape narrow or crowded confinement. Horses transported east or west across several time zones suffer loss of performance capability. Factors affecting horse health are well-known. They include over-loading, erratic drivers, relative humidity, medication, separation from herd mates, the head tied too high to clear nasal passages, urination discouraged by transport movement and scanty bedding, dusty hay and bedding, unsanitary air and inadequate ventilation. The fit horse transported for several hours to a performance venue may require up to a week of gentle exercise before it can compete optimally. Many transport problems are avoidable. A review of the literature indicates that thermal scanning two weeks in advance of transport can identify unfit animals before symptoms -- such as soreness, respiratory distress, or diarrhea -- are clinically detectable. A measurement of heart rate variability (as opposed to heart rate) indicated that horses are continually distressed throughout the best of transport conditions by road and ferry. Recording of muscular efforts to maintain balance demonstrated that horses are continually adjusting their balance during road transport. The continuous adjustments required by road transport contribute to unwanted behaviors. Bureaucratic delays require an approach similar to preparing for roadside emergencies: provision must be made for temperature changes, ventilation, medication, sanitation, water, and feed. Nutritional approaches have been shown to lessen aggression. Training the horse to lower its head on cue defuses its flight or fight tendencies and could be helpful in calming it when excited. Good transport practices reduce disease incidents and prevent equipment and engine wear. Equipment should account for the increased withers height of horses distressed in transit and the buckboard effect of some road transporters. The changing transport needs of foals and weanlings, and a wider understanding of how a horse balances under various conditions are indicated. Noise and certain cosmetic surgeries (tail amputations) may affect fitness to travel or perform. [ PDF of Presentation ] 209 kb |
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David B. ELMORE, DVM, MPVM Director Large Animal Health & Care Assessment Charles River Laboratories P.O. Box 7868 San Diego, CA 92167 USA
Cell: +1
832-524-3034 Dr. David B. Elmore is a graduate of the University of Notre Dame (B.S.), and University of California at Davis (DVM, MPVM). He has practiced as a non-human primate veterinarian for the past 20 years. Dr. Elmore began this work with Charles River Research Primates in New York in 1985, and since that time, has been involved in the domestic and international transportation of over 10 species of non-human primates, from 3 continents. David is currently the Director of Large Animal Health and Care Assessment for Charles River Laboratories, and lives in San Diego, California. [ Back to Top ] |
Unique Challenges in
Transporting Non-Human Primates David B.
ELMORE, D.V.M., M.P.V.M.
Transportation of live animals requires dedicated, informed personnel, careful planning and attention to details relative to the animal’s care and handling. Specifically, the transportation of non-human primates, shares goals common to all live animal transport; but also poses unique challenges stemming from the nature of these animals. The presentation touched upon some of these unique challenges including: impact of the public’s perception to nonhuman primates as cargo; bio-security of the animal’s health status; public and animal safety; care and handling of non-human primates in transit
[ PDF of PowerPoint Presentation ] 1025 kb |
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